Dependability is a key factor in any software system and has been made a core aim of the Globus based China Research Environment over Wide-area Network (CROWN) middleware. Our past research based around our Fault Injection Technology (FIT) framework has demonstrated that Network Level Injection can be a valuable tool in assessing the dependability of SOAP based middleware. This paper details ou...

Thinning is a forest management activity that regulates the competition between trees within forest. However, effect of different thinning treatments on largely unexplored, especially because difficulty in measuring crown characteristics. This study aimed to investigate how type and intensity affect stem- crown-based based terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) point clouds. The research was conducte...

Tree crown morphology is a key driver of forest dynamics, determining not only the competitiveness an individual but also competitive effect exerted on neighbouring trees. Multiple ecological theories, including metabolic scaling theory (MST), predict from first principles, typically lack consideration competition. The accurate quantification to test theoretical predictions, and canopy interact...

abstract the grasses cold tolerance is the most important limiting factor for its cultivation in temperate regions, so using cold tolerant cultivars is essential for grasses successful cultivation. in order to evaluation freezing stress tolerance of several species of grasses, this study was conducted in agricultural faculty of ferdowsi university of mashhad as a factorial complete randomized b...

There is a general notion in the literature that, with increasing latitude, trees have deeper crowns as a result of a lower solar elevation angle. However, these predictions are based on models that did not include the effects of competition for light between individuals. Here, I argue that there should be selection for trees to increase the height of the crown base, as this decreases shading b...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS The dynamical system of plant growth GREENLAB was originally developed for individual plants, without explicitly taking into account interplant competition for light. Inspired by the competition models developed in the context of forest science for mono-specific stands, we propose to adapt the method of crown projection onto the x-y plane to GREENLAB, in order to study the e...