empowerment employee is one of effective techniques to increase employee's productivity and efficient use of the capacity and capabilities of individual and group them in line with organizational goals. the aim of this study is to investigate the relationship of ethical leadership with psychological empowerment with mediating of procedural justice and interactional justice.participants inc...

this paper attempts to determine the relationship between women’s participation and their empowerment. empowerment is a process whereby women become able to organize themselves to increase self-reliance and to assert their independent right to make choices and control resources. empowerment in this study was adopted from rowlands (1997) and schulz, et al. (1993) which has two levels, individual...

purpose: despite growing interest and increased investments in empowerment, the development of instruments and indicators with which to monitor and evaluate empowerment processes and outcomes are still at an early stage. the main goal of this study was to introduce and test the world bank empowerment model for assessing the economic empowerment of rural people and to identify contexts and facto...

The prevailing emphasis in health education is on understanding and changing life-style choices and individual health behaviors related to health status. Although such approaches are appropriate for some health problems, they often ignore the association between increased morbidity and mortality and social, structural, and physical factors in the environment, such as inadequate housing, poor sa...

Community empowerment approaches have been proven to be powerful tools for solving local health problems. However, the methods for measuring empowerment in the community remain unclear and open to dispute. This study aims to describe how a context-specific community empowerment measurement tool was developed and changes made to three health promotion programs in Rapla, Estonia. An empowerment e...

In this article, we propose a model of the process of empowerment. The notion of empowerment is compelling and much employed across many subfields inside and outside of psychology, but the lack of consistency in the ways prior literature has defined it is an obstacle to meaningful synthesis of findings and consistent application in practice. Our empowerment process model builds on prior work in...