To achieve faculty status, graduating doctoral students have to substantially outperform their peers, given the competitive nature of the academic job market. In an ideal, meritocratic world, factors such as prestige of degree-granting university ought not to play a substantial role. However, it has recently been reported that top-ranked universities produced about 2–6 times more faculty than d...

To get a faculty job, graduating doctoral students have to substantially outperform their peers, given the competitive nature of the academic job market. In an ideal, meritocratic world, factors such as prestige of degree-granting university ought not to play a substantial role. However, it has recently been reported that top-ranked universities produced about 2–6 times more faculty than did un...

In this research, a rotating solar still that uses external bottom reflectors was experimentally investigated. The solar still and reflectors have the capability to shift their angle with respect to the south and the reflectors have the capability to shift their angle with respect to the horizon. The experiment has been performed in both fixed and rotating states. For the fixed state the solar ...

In this paper we theorize the impact of democratic states on state-oriented challengers. We argue that aspects of states influence the overall mobilization of state-oriented challengers and the forms of their mobilization and collective action. We develop I2 hypotheses about the impact of state political institutions, democratic processes, bureaucracies, and policies on mobilization and provide...

purpose: this research seeks to determine the level of knowledge sharing, the absorptive capacity, and the innovation capability at the central libraries of the state universities of tehran in 1393. besides, it seeks to identify the relationship between knowledge sharing and innovation capability in the library. methodology: this applied research is carried out using survey method – correlation...

In this paper, we introduce a notion of generalized states from an EQ-algebra E1 to another EQ-algebra E2, which is a generalization of internal states (or state operators) on an EQ-algebra E. Also we give a type of special generalized state from an EQ-algebra E1 to E1, called generalized internal states (or GI-state). Then we give some examples and basic properties of generalized (internal) st...

The northeast region of India remains fraught with severe violence, poor growth and acute frustration among its youth. Success of policies to resolve the region’s crisis has proved less than encouraging. What could be the way out of the violence–poor growth trap? This paper argues that a key determinant of the instability in the region is the absence of the effective role of the state: to provi...