The state plays a central position in theoretical debates in International Relations (IR). Both Realists and Liberals see the state as the central actor in the international system and thereby follow a Western understanding of the state as the holder of the monopoly of force. In the IRsub discipline of security studies new categories such as weak state, quasi state or state failure have created...

The authors used an event-contingent daily recording strategy, the Rochester Interaction Record (RIR), to examine the motivational dynamics of interpersonal relations. Using hierarchical linear modeling, the authors demonstrated that social interactions were more pleasant when participants felt autonomous, competent, and related. Autonomy, competence, and relatedness consistently predicted inte...

Recent rhetoric surrounding the contemporary aid relationship between donors and African states is couched in terms of a high level consensus between western and African political leaderships, a central pillar of which is adherence to liberal principles of governance and economic management. The paper argues that an analysis of the nature of this consensus and its prospects requires that we nee...

Sometimes we have to work with  $L$-fuzzy context sequences where one or more values are missing. These sequences can represent, among other things, the evolution in time of an $L$-fuzzy context. The studies of tendencies that we have done so far used tools that are not valid when the $L$-fuzzy context has unknown values. In this work we address such situations and we propose new methods to tac...

the modern infirmary is the evolutional product of the dialectic interface between medical theories at each time and the outcome of their application in clinical practice. the infirmary as we know it today did not exist during antiquity, but the different precursors of the modern hospital emerged as a result of the interaction between medical theory and practice. during antiquity the hippocrati...

A 3-minute 3-km rapid scan of the METEOSAT Second Generation geostationary satellite over southern Africa was applied to tracking the evolution of cloud top temperature (T ) and particle effective radius (re) of convective elements. The evolution of T -re relations showed little dependence on time, leaving re to depend almost exclusively on T . Furthermore, cloud elements that fully grew to lar...