Ehrlich ascites tumor cell extracts form a gel when warmed to 25 degrees C at pH 7.0 in sucrose solution, and the gel rapidly becomes a sol when cooled to 0 degrees C. This gel-sol transformation was studied quantitatively by determining the volume or the total protein of pellets of gel obtained by low-speed centrifugation. The gelation depended on nucleotide triphosphates, Mg2+, KCl, and a red...

Silk fibroin (SF) is a typical fibrous protein that is secreted by silkworms and spiders. It has been used in a variety of areas, and especially for tissue-engineering scaffolds, due to its sound processability, mechanical properties, biodegradability, and biocompatibility. With respect to gelation, the SF gelation time is long in aqueous solutions, so a novel approach is needed to shorten this...

high purity fluorapatite (fa) with rod-like and spherical-like morphology was synthesized via sol-gel method. chemical characterization of fa powders was done by xrd and ftir analyses. crystallite samples were calculated using scherer method. morphology of fa powders was investigated with tem and sem images. the results revealed that increasing the time of hydrolysis of phosphate sols significa...

in recent years, chitosan nanoparticles have been studied widely for protein delivery. in this study, hemiscorpius lepturus (hl) venom was encapsulated in chitosan nanoparticles. the aim of the present work was to carry out a systematic study for preparing biocompatible and biodegradable nanoparticles for loading hl scorpion venom and to evaluate their potential as an antigen delivery system. i...

In this review, the development of low-molecular-weight gelators and polymer-based gelators is described. The driving forces for physical gelation are non-covalent bonds, such as hydrogen bonds, electrostatic interactions, van der Waals interactions and p–p interactions. When gelation occurs, the gelator molecules self-assemble into macromolecule-like aggregates through non-covalent intermolecu...

Many herbs and spices have been recommended traditionally as galactagogues and several commercial formulations prepared using herbs. Due to the presence of various compounds such as polyphenols, flavonoids, isoflavones and terpenes, bitter and stringent taste is elicited that make the consumption of these herbal preparations unpleasant. Moreover, these compounds are unstable when exposed to env...

The aggregation of shape-persistent macrocycles with an empty cavity, an undecyldiether strand and a tetraethylene glycol strand leads in all cases to a macroscopic gelation of the solvent. However, the gelation temperatures are fine-tuned by the intraannular substituents.

high purity fluorapatite (FA) with rod-like and spherical-like morphology was synthesized via sol-gel method. Chemical characterization of FA powders was done by XRD and FTIR analyses. Crystallite samples were calculated using Scherer method. Morphology of FA powders was investigated with TEM and SEM images. The results revealed that increasing the time of hydrolysis of phosphate sols significa...

Colloidal gelation has been extensively studied for the case of purely attractive systems, but little is understood about how colloidal gelation is affected by the presence of repulsive interactions. Here we demonstrate the gelation of a binary system of oppositely charged colloids, in which repulsive interactions compete with attractive interactions. We observe that gelation is controlled by v...

Alginate microspheres containing furosemide were prepared by the ionotropic external gelation technique using Ca2+, Al3+ and Ba2+ ions. The incorporation efficiency of the prepared microspheres ranged between 65% and 93%. The effect of sodium alginate concentration, cross-linking ions and drying conditions was evaluated with respect to entrapment efficiency, particle size, surface characteristi...