For analytic discrete-time systems, it is shown that uniform forward accessibility implies the generic existence of universal nonsingular control sequences. A particular application is given by considering forward accessible systems on compact manifolds. For general systems, it is proved that the complement of the set of universal sequences of infinite length is of the first category. For class...

Point-of-sale (POS) systems increasingly support more retail processes than just the basic cash functionality. But to what extent do they support chain digitisation, i.e., interorganisational processes as the exchange of order and sales information? We develop a two-dimensional maturity model for categorising POS systems by their level of backward and forward chain digitisation support. Both di...

In this study a supply chain network design model has been developed considering both forward and reverse flows through the supply chain. Total Cost, environmental factors such as CO2 emission, and social factors such as employment and fairness in providing job opportunities are considered in three separate objective functions. The model seeks to optimize the facility location proble...

In recent years, with the quickly development of the supply chain finance, the cost of corporate finance would become an important way for enterprises to solve their financial problems. In China, the financing model of supply chain finance mainly for accounts receivable financing, inventory financing pledge financing, advances and financing. Three financing models are used in different larger c...

Husdpeth, Magnasco, and collaborators have suggested that the auditory system works by tuning a collection of hair cells near Hopf bifurcation, but each with a different frequency. An incoming sound signal to the cochlea then resonates most strongly with one of these hair cells, which then informs the auditory neuronal system of the frequency of the incoming signal. In this paper we discuss two...

We derive novel upper and lower finite-length bounds of the error probability in joint source-channel coding when the source obeys the ergodic Markov process and the channel is a Markovian additive channel or a Markovian conditional additive channel. These bounds achieve the tight bounds in the large and moderate deviation regimes. Index Terms Markov chain, joint source-channel coding, finite-l...

We characterise the aperiodic autocorrelation for a Boolean function, f , and define the Aperiodic Propagation Criteria (APC) of degree l and order q. We establish the strong similarity between APC and the Extended Propagation Criteria (EPC) as defined by Preneel et al. in 1991, although the criteria are not identical. We also show how aperiodic autocorrelation can be related to the first deriv...

Background: Meat species adulteration has become a problem of concern. This study aimed to compare two previously published multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) methods for meat species authentication.  Methods: The primers used in the first multiplex PCR involved species-specific reverse primer for sheep, goat, cattle, pig, and donkey with universal forward primer. In the second multiple...

Android smartphones are commonly used smartphones. Smartphone damage often plagues smartphone users nowadays, and the user should bring to his service provider find out what kind of has happened device. The repair time consumed while user's is at a point can also consume time, not mention cost distance traveled smartphone's be significant. That's why we created an expert system for diagnosing W...