there are wide individual differences in pharmacokinetic parameters of mycophenolate mofetil (mmf) among transplanted patients. some studies have shown that single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) of the uridine diphosphate glucuronosyl transferase1a9 (ugt1a9) are responsible for these differences in early days after transplantation. therefore it was decided to evaluate the influence of ugt poly...

introduction: evaluation of the cerebrospinal fluid (csf) white blood cell (wbc) count and glucose and protein concentrations is used to assess the probability of the presence of central nervous system (cns) infection. although normal values are well established for csf cell counts and protein and glucose contents in children and adults, this is not the case for neonates. the purpose of this st...

normal 0 false false false en-us x-none ar-sa background: the aim of this study was to compare the postoperative pain scores and morphine requirements between spinal anesthesia (sa) with hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5% and general anesthesia (ga) with 1 minimal alveolar concentration (mac )of isoflurane in 50% n2o and o2 after elective lower abdominal surgery. materials and methods: in this randomi...

Background and Objective: Host genetic factors such as cytokine gene polymorphisms as well as Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection have been found to be associated with gastric cancer risk . Interleukin 1 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in H. pylori-induced gastric inflammation. Therefore, w...

background: the most favorable method for cervical ripening is not fully agreed upon by practitioners; however, vaginal administration of isosorbide mononitrate (imn) is considered a low‑risk method of labor induction for pregnant women at full term. our study was designed to assess the effect of imn on cervical ripening and labor induction among primiparous women in iran. materials and methods...

Tramadol is a centrally acting analgesic drug extensively metabolized in animal species. Its clinicalresponse is mainly due to the M1 metabolite, poorly produced in dogs. Grapefruit-juice can inhibit themetabolism of different drugs in animals and humans. The aim of the present study was to evaluate thepharmacokinetics of tramadol and its major metabolites after co-administration of tramadol an...

ObjectiveMycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is commonly administered concomitantly with ganciclovir for managingtransplant recipients who infected with CMV. This study was conducted to evaluate the probable effects ofganciclovir on Mycophenolic acid (MPA) pharmacokinetic.Materials and MethodsTen kidney transplant recipients who full field inclusion and exclusion criterias enrolled in this study. Thefi...

To determine if residence at moderate (~2000 m) compared to low (<50 m) altitude reduces acute mountain sickness (AMS) in men during subsequent rapid ascent to a higher altitude. Nine moderate-altitude residents (MAR) and 18 sea-level residents (SLR) completed the Environmental Symptoms Questionnaire (ESQ) at their respective baseline residence and again at 12, 24, 48, and 72 h at 4300 m to ass...