the effects of chronic stress and glucocorticoids receptor antagonist (ru486) on expression of melanocortin 4 receptor (mc4r) mrna in arcuate nucleus (arc) of male rats were evaluated. in this study, adult male sprague dawley rats were placed into four groups (n=6/group) stress, ru486, stress/ru486, and control groups. in stress group, the rats were restrained, 1 h/day, for 12 days. in ru486 gr...

Energy balance is regulated by ghrelin that is a neuroendocrine modulator. Ghrelin is expressed in reproductive organs. However, the role of ghrelin during in vitro maturation and bovine preimplantational development is limited. The purpose of this study was to determine the expression of ghrelin (GHRL) and its receptor growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1A (GHS-R1A) mRNA expression, and cumu...

Background: Many hormones are involved in the regulation of reproduction. Leptin hormone which is mainly secreted by adipose tissue plays an important role in energy homeostasis and reproduction. It seems that leptin is an important linkage between body metabolism and reproductive system. Moreover, it has been shown that leptin and leptin receptor express in reproductive organs of some species....

Niacin was the first hypolipidemic drug to significantly reduce both major cardiovascular events and mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease. Niacin favorably influences all lipoprotein classes, including lipoprotein[a],and belongs to the most potent hypolipidemic drugs for increasing HDL-C. Moreover, niacin causes favorable changes to the qualitative composition of lipoprotein HDL. I...

Efficient vaccination can be achieved by injections of in vitro transcribed mRNA (ivt mRNA) coding for antigens. This vaccine format is particularly versatile and allows the production individualised vaccines conferring, T-cell immunity against specific cancer mutations. The CDR3 hypervariable regions immune receptors (T-cell receptor, TCR or B-cell BCR) context T- leukaemia lymphoma are target...

Background: Leptin, the product of the obesity (ob) gene, acts as a signaling adipokine for modulating food intake, energy metabolism and reproductive functions in mammals. Leptin’s effects on the reproductive system at various levels of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis have been established. Moreover, the direct and local effect of leptin on bovine oocyte maturation and corpus luteum fu...

background: polycystic ovary syndrome (pcos) is related to obesity and to major metabolic alterations including both insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction. ghrelin was identified as the endogenous ligand for the growth hormone secretagogue (ghs) receptor. the actions of ghrelin are carried out through interaction with specific receptor, named ghs-r. objective: in a case-control study, we...