uniaxial compressive strength (ucs) and internal friction coefficient (µ) are the most important strength parameters of rock. they could be determined either by laboratory tests or from empirical correlations. the laboratory analysis sometimes is not possible for many reasons. on the other hand, due to changes in rock compositions and properties, none of the correlations could be applied as an ...

Exploring the environment is essential for autonomous agents to learn new things and to consolidate past experiences and apply them to improve behavior. However, exploration is also risky as it exposes the agent to unknown, potentially overwhelming or dangerous situations. A trade-off must hence exist between activities such as seeking stability, autonomous exploration of the environment, imita...

groundwater contamination by nitrate is a globally growing problem due to the population growth and increase of demand for food supplies.increasing nitrate concentrations in soil solution and leaching into the ground water table cause water pollution and disturbs the ecological balance. in addition to natural nitrogen cycle, nitrate can be entered to soil and water from the human waste, urban a...

The restricted earth fault (REF) relay is a type of differential protection which is used for detection of internal ground faults of power transformers. But, during external faults and transformer energization conditions, the probability of current transformer (CT) saturation increases. Thus, the spurious differential current due to CT saturation, can lead to REF relay maloperation. In this pap...

Reactive and biased human decision-making during well construction operations can result in problems ranging from minor inefficiencies to events that have far-reaching negative consequences for safety, environmental compliance cost. A system automatically generate an optimal action sequence any given state meet operation’s objectives is therefore highly desirable. Moreover, intelligent agent ca...