This paper describes a language understanding module for spoken dialogue systems producing frame based semantic output. The presented approach adapts ideas from production systems to the task of language understanding. It interleaves in a new manner template-driven cascaded word-to-frame transformation with syntactic analysis. The advantages over conventional parsers are the flexible output str...

The current study is an attempt to investigate the impact of decision-making (selecting and matching) tasks and production (creation of sentences and completion of sentences) tasks on the collocational knowledge of Iranian intermediate EFL learners. To this end, sixty EFL learners were divided into two experimental (decision-making and production) groups. To determine the effects of the tasks, ...

Over the last several decades, gender issues have attained increased prominence in the debates over development policy. There is a growing body of evidence and experience linking gender awareness in policy and projects to equitable, efficient, and sustainable outcomes in development. However, these links are still not widely understood nor have these lessons been fully integrated by donors or n...

Firstly, it is found that process design is necessary for software process improvement after analyzing its complexity. Then, research methods and concepts framework are put forward, and the research content is also provided. The findings of research, including propositions of complexity of software process, the work program of complexity of software process improvement, software enterprise mode...

Abstract Although globalization processes have brought the world closer through exchange of knowledge, ideas and practices, advances in knowledge dissemination not been mirrored by expansion sites modes production. This article probes this disjuncture asks how deglobalization might chart different pathways delving into intellectual history making International Relations (IR). Focusing its gaze ...