many among us. practitioners as well as theoreticians, deep down share the feeling that though oc.jds against us are many. the devil itself that causes most of our iailure in leaching english to the speakers of other languages is none hut the insufficient exposure of our students to real language use. those of us with efl experience arc deeply sympathetic with this verdict amt find it quite jus...

in middle persian (pahlavi), like many other languages, one aspect of subjunctive verbs in the present tense and the past tense is used, but the evidence in the literature that is available only from some syghhhay. middle persian is bound by the obligation kmkarbrdtr of past and present verb root is apparently limited to some of the material or ben hung verbs and auxiliary verb hād made. howeve...

in middle persian (pahlavi), like many other languages, one aspect of subjunctive verbs in the present tense and the past tense is used, but the evidence in the literature that is available only from some syghhhay. middle persian is bound by the obligation kmkarbrdtr of past and present verb root is apparently limited to some of the material or ben hung verbs and auxiliary verb hād made. howeve...

cognitive science has found out that languages typically make use of conceptual metaphors to concretize abstract meanings. conceptual metaphor explains a target domain which is abstract via a source domain which is concrete. in other words, conceptual metaphor compares an abstract domain with a concrete one and thus makes it understandable for listeners/readers. this article studies the concept...

introduction        a dialect is a variety of a language used by group of people whose lexicon, syntax, phonetics and phonology are different from those of other people. the existence of many geographical, economic and social barriers among the speakers of a language cause the emergence of many dialects. as such, each language has many dialects and accents and each dialect has many different ac...

the question of who is and who is not a bilingual is more difficult to answer than it first appears. bilingualism was long regarded as the equal mastery of two languages, a definition that still prevails in certain glossaries of linguistics. however, today's complex world requires a more exact definition and analysis of the competencies that community members require to interact with speakers o...