This paper aimed at estimation of the per capita consumption of electricity in residential sector based on economic indicators in Iran. The Genetic Algorithm Electricity Demand Model (GAEDM) was developed based on the past data using the genetic algorithm approach (GAA). The economic indicators used during the model development include: gross domestic product (GDP) in terms of per capita and ...

چکیده در این مطالعه، تقاضای گروه های اصلی خوراکی در مناطق شهری ایران برای دوره زمانی1361 تا 1386 بررسی شده است. بدین منظور از سیستم تقاضای تقریباً ایده آل خطی (la/aids)، شاخص تقریب خطی لاسپیرس و روش رگرسیون های به ظاهر نامرتبط (sur) استفاده شد. نتایج به دست آمده نشان داد که متغیر متوسط جمعیت خانوار در بیشتر معادلات تأثیر معناداری بر تقاضای خانوار داشته است. قیود همگنی و تقارن نیز مورد آزمون قرار...

This paper uses annual data on world oil price and consumption from 1965 to 2006 to calibrate a Hotelling model of optimal nonrenewable resource extraction. Numerical solutions are generated for various specifications of the elasticity of demand for both isoelastic demand and linear demand under each of two possible market structures: perfect competition and monopoly. Prior to the 1973 oil cris...

This paper provides a thorough exploration of the microeconomic foundations for the multivariate linear demand function for di¤erentiated products that is widely used in industrial organization. A key …nding is that strict concavity of the quadratic utility function is critical for the demand system to be well de…ned. Otherwise, the true demand function may be quite complex: Multi-valued, non-l...

We investigate the operational decisions and resulting profits for a supply chain facing price-dependent demand under a policy where there is an ex-ante commitment made on the retail price markup. We obtain closed-form solutions for this policy under the assumption of a multiplicative demand function and we analytically compare its performance with that of a traditional price-only policy. We co...

We consider a supply chain where one manufacturer sells products to local markets through dealers. Each dealer faces a geographically dispersed market with uncertain demand, and is able to observe demand signal and exert effort to enhance sales. Both signal and effort affect the sales outcomes probabilistically, and cannot be observed by the manufacturer. Furthermore, dealers’ signals are corre...