xiii Acknowledgments xv Acronyms xvii List of Notation xix Introduction xxiii 1 BSS and its relationship to ICA 1 1.1 BSS: Motivation 2 1.2 ICA: an efficient tool for BSS 7 1.2.1 PD-equivalency and Non-mixing matrices 7 1.2.2 Independence and ICA 11 1.2.3 ICA and BSS 12 1.3 Independence measures 14 1.3.1 Divergence measures between densities 14 1.3.1.1 KL properties 15 1.3.1.2 From KL to mutual...

For nearly a century, the standard for determining the equivalency of academic courses and degrees has relied on time in the classroom as the primary indicator. Though widely accepted and convenient, time as the standard (i.e., the Carnegie unit) offers little utility for today's institutions of higher education. With the introduction and proliferation of instructional technologies and distance...

two experiments were conducted to determine the effect of phytase supplementation on layer hens and broiler chickens performance and compare the use of phytase nutrient equivalency values in feed formulation with those fed conventional diet. in the first ex-periment, 640 commercial broiler chicks were used from 11 to 49 days of age. the ex-perimental units were allocated at random to 4 dietary ...

Background The present study aimed to develop and standardize a phonemically balanced bisyllabic word test in Tamil for adult listeners. Material methods In total, 1015 words were collected from different sources; 20 speakers rated the familiarity 5 experts validated content. Based on rating content validation, 760 shortlisted phonemic balancing. Then 25 phonemically-balanced lists prepared wit...

β-Carotene is an important dietary source of vitamin A for humans. However, the bioavailability and vitamin A equivalency of β-carotene are highly variable and can be affected by food- and diet-related factors, including the food matrix, food-processing techniques, size of the dose of β-carotene, and the amounts of dietary fat, fiber, vitamin A, and other carotenoids in the diet as well as by c...

Although research on improving child literacy is converging, no such body of research exists for adult literacy. Yet the need is no less significant. This study extends the knowledge garnered with younger populations by determining the reading comprehension strategies most important to adults' success on adult literacy outcome measures and aligning them with previously researched interventions....

There are many studies on the effects of probiotics on performance of broiler chickens, but none of them has evaluated the metabolizable energy (ME) equivalency values of probiotics. The aim of this study was to determine the metabolizable energy equivalency value of Bacillus subtilis spore and its potential for decreasing feed ME content and cost. One hundred seventy-six day-old male broilers ...