The crucial problem of self-consciousness is how to account for knowing self-reference without launching into a regress or without presupposing self-consciousness rather than accounting for it (circle). In the literature we find two bottom-up proposals for solving the traditional problem: the postulation of nonconceptual forms of self-consciousness and the postulation of a pre-reflexive form of...

This paper aims to identify and compare level of self-esteem in self- handicapping in champion and non-champion athlete students in Physical Education and Sport Science College. The methodology for this research is post-event and statistical population was 975 students in Physical Education and Sport Science College in Azad University of Karaj in 2011-2012 academic year in which 115 students we...

educational researchers have provided evidence that teachers’ emotional intelligence has strong effects on various aspects of teaching and learning. yet, in the field of teaching english to speakers of other languages (tesol), inquiry into teachers’ emotional intelligence is nearly limited. given its documented powerful impact on teaching practices and student learning, it is critical to pursue...

the construct of self-efficacy has received increasing attention in research over the past two decades. many studies have been carried out 1.3 significance of the study this study has pedagogical implications since improving students’ self- efficacy and autonomy is important for promoting actual performance on classroom academic tasks. in academic settings, it has been shown that self-effi...

the central purpose of this study was to conduct a case study about the role of self monitoring in teacher’s use of motivational strategies. furthermore it focused on how these strategies affected students’ motivational behavior. although many studies have been done to investigate teachers’ motivational strategies use (cheng & d?rnyei, 2007; d?rnyei & csizer, 1998; green, 2001, guilloteaux & d?...

Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the mediating role of hopelessness and early maladaptive schemas in the relationship between cyberbullying victimization and non-suicidal self-injury in substance-dependent male adolescents. Method: The present research was descriptive-correlational of structural equation modeling type. The statistical population of the present research included al...