Standardized protocols for surveying secretive marsh birds have been implemented across North America, but the efficacy of surveys to detect population trends has not been evaluated.We used survey data collected from populations of marsh birds across North America and simulations to explore how characteristics of bird populations (proportion of survey stations occupied, abundance at occupied st...

Currently, optimal use of power in base transceiver stations (BTSs) with preserving quality of services is a critical problem. One possible approach to this issue is to use renewable energy resources like solar-wind energy. This paper presents a solution which applies ADE7753 in power surpervision of green base stations in cellular networks. The proposed system will allow to supervise hybrid po...

As plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) become more and more preferable to customers than the vehicles burning fossil fuels when the oil price goes up, the increasing power demand from PHEV charging stations will impose an challenge to the power grid operator that cannot be neglected. In this paper, based on a battery replacement strategy adopted charging stations, firstly, an estimation alg...

Abstract. Power management is one of the most important issues in mobile communications. Much research has been done in reducing wireless station’s power consumptions. IEEE 802.11 addresses this issue by adopting a MAC layer active-doze Power Saving Mechanism. In an 802.11 ad hoc network, this Power Saving Mechanism works as follows. Any wireless station with data to send must first announce it...

Power management is one of the most important issues in mobile communications. Much research has been done in reducing wireless station's power consumptions. IEEE 802.11 addresses this issue by adopting a MAC layer active-doze Power Saving Mechanism. In an 802.11 ad hoc network, this Power Saving Mechanism works as follows. Any wireless station with data to send must first announce its traffic ...

Today, the electricity power system is the most complicated engineering system has ever been made. The integrated power generating stations with power transmission lines has created a network, called complex power network. The reliability estimation of such complex power networks is a very challenging problem, as one cannot find any immediate solution methods in current literature. In this pape...

Recently, a large number of photovoltaic (PV) power stations has been connected to power systems. Penetration of PV power stations may give some impacts on balancing between supply and demand in power systems. The representative impact is frequency variation which is caused by short-term fluctuations in power outputs from PV stations. Therefore, its investigation and evaluation are important be...

The Korean nationwide differential global positioning system (NDGPS) reference station transmits a global positioning system (GPS) enhancement signal using minimum shift keying modulation with a 200 bps data rate. The ocean-based DGPS covers the service area of 100 NM with 300 W output power; on the other hand, the land-based DGPS transmits the output power of 500 W, which covers the service ar...

Base stations represent the main contributor to the energy consumption of a mobile cellular network. Since traffic load in mobile networks significantly varies during a working or weekend day, it is important to quantify the influence of these variations on the base station power consumption. Therefore, this paper investigates changes in the instantaneous power consumption of GSM (Global System...