METHODS Members of this consensus group were selected based on individual expertise to represent a range of practical and academic experience both in terms of location in Canada and type of practice, as well as subspecialty expertise along with general gynaecology backgrounds. The consensus group reviewed all available evidence through the English and French medical literature and available dat...

OBJECTIVES Dysmenorrhea is a common complaint in women. Primary dysmenorrhea is defined as painful menstruation in the absence of pelvic disease and is caused by uterine contractions caused by prostaglandins released from the endometrium. Conventional treatments include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and oral contraceptives. We sought to evaluate the efficacy of zinc supplementation in th...

background: dysmenorrhea is one of the most common disorders of women in reproductive age. in addition to physical and psychological disturbances, it may cause socioeconomic problems. the acupressure is a suggested treatments for dysmenorrhea. this study was conducted to identify and compare the effects of acupressure in saninjo and diji points on pain severity of primary dysmenorrhea and syste...

Dysmenorrhea is defined as the occurrence of painful menstrual cramps. Primary dysmenorrhea occurs in the absence of an identifiable cause, while secondary dysmenorrhea is related to an identifiable pathologic condition, such as endometriosis, adenomyosis, or pelvic adhesions. The etiology of primary dysmenorrhea is incompletely understood but is thought to be related to the overproduction of u...