background as one of the most important components of harm reduction strategy for high-risk groups, following the hiv epidemics, methadone maintenance treatment (mmt) has been initiated in prisoners since 2003. in this paper, we aimed to assess the advantages and shortcomings of the mmt program from the perspective of people who were involved with the delivery of prison healthcare in iran.   me...

BACKGROUND A major marketing technique used by pharmaceutical companies is direct-to-physician marketing. This form of marketing frequently employs promotional marketing brochures, based on clinical research, which may influence how a physician prescribes medicines. This study's objective was to investigate whether or not the information in promotional brochures presented to physicians by pharm...

Two hundred eleven male street prostitutes between the ages of 18 and 51 years were interviewed and tested for antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Economic, social, and emotional barriers to the reduction of HIV-related risk behavior were examined within the context of several concepts present in the Health Belief Model (HBM). Three lifestyle factors were found to function as ...