Consider an i.i.d. sequence of random variables whose distribution f lies in one of a nested family of models (Mq)q∈N, Mq ⊂ Mq+1. The smallest index q such that Mq⋆ contains f is called the model order. We establish strong consistency of the penalized likelihood order estimator in a general setting with penalties of order η(q) log log n, where η(q) is a dimensional quantity. Moreover, such pena...

In west coast groundfish stock assessments, biological productivity is largely defined by a single parameter, i.e., steepness (h) of the Beverton-Holt spawner-recruit curve, which ranges from 0.20 (no compensation) to 1.00 (complete compensation). A steepness of 0.20 implies no latent surplus production and a total lack of resilience to the effects of exploitation, whereas a value of 1.0 implie...

in this research, to considering the theoretical background of the research andmodel of organizational justice, ten items were designed; then, thirty-two variableswere extracted. finally, the matching variables with model of organizational justicewere performed. the proposed model was designed according to the extractionvariables and their matching. to structural and conceptual validation, the ...

The size of multimedia data is increasing fast due to the abundance of multimedia applications. Modeling the semantics of the data effectively is crucial for proper management of it. In this paper, we present a fuzzy conceptual data model for multimedia data which is also generic in the sense that it can be adapted to all multimedia domains. The model takes an object-oriented approach and it ha...

conceptual metaphor is the most prominent achievements in cognitive linguistics and cognitive semantics. based on this theory, most of the parts of our vision system and mindset is naturally metaphorical, which structures our way of thinking and understanding. therefore, our understanding has strong relationship in all aspects, and since the ethical implications are naturally abstract, metaphor...

introduction: hospital portals, as the first virtual entry, play an important role in connecting people with hospital and also presenting hospital virtual services. the main purpose of this article was to suggest a conceptual model to improve tehran private hospital portals. the suggested model can be used by all the health portals that are in the same circumstances and all the health portals w...

leadership is in fact a process of influencing followers. characteristics of leadership are functions of time and situation and differ in different cultures and countries. managers of international organizations should obtain enough knowledge of these cultural characteristics and differences and should have the utmost versatility while executing their leadership tasks. in this paper we have con...