Multiple-group confirmatory factor analysis (MG-CFA) is among the most productive extensions of structural equation modeling. Many researchers conducting cross-cultural or longitudinal studies are interested in testing for measurement and structural invariance. The aim of the present paper is to provide a tutorial in MG-CFA using the freely available R-packages lavaan, semTools, and semPlot. Th...

This study investigated the relationships among managerial leadership, transformational and performance of school administrators Northern Iloilo Polytechnic State College (NIPSC) through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Covariance-Based SEM (CB-SEM), Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) with its default Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) were used to test hypothesized model that leadership co...

The purpose of this article was to provide a substantive-methodological synergy of potential importance to future research in sport and exercise psychology. The substantive focus was to improve the measurement of coaching efficacy by developing a revised version of the coaching efficacy scale (CES) for head coaches (N = 557) of youth sport teams (CES II-YST). The methodological focus was explor...

There is continued debate about the appropriateness of Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) for scale evaluation and latent variable modeling more generally. This study seeks to combine the strengths of EFA, namely flexible evaluation of item-factor structures, while using one of the unique strengths of CFA, the simultaneous adjustment for common method bias ...

development of any organization largely depends on the proper use of its human resources. as organizations become much larger, these problems are naturally added to these enormous labor force. one of the topics organizational communities of irancan be considered as a unfamiliar subject and less likely to be found in research is the phenomenon of organizational silence; despite the fact that sil...

the current study aims to examine the impact of psychological capital and organizational commitment on the quality of the offered services to the clients by the counter staffs of ansar bank. in this research, the theoretical model and the theories between the variables were first developed and  structural equation was used to examine research theories. ansar bank counter staffs of tehran city a...

The article uses confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) as a template to explain didactically multilevel structural equation models (ML-SEM) and to demonstrate the equivalence of general mixed-effects models and ML-SEM. An intuitively appealing graphical representation of complex ML-SEMs is introduced that succinctly describes the underlying model and its assumptions. The use of definition variable...