Due to the rapid development of technology in recent years, market competition and customer expectations have increased more than ever. In this situation, it is vital for businesses survival to determine the appropriate policy for inventory control, pricing, and routing, and decisions regarding each of them are often made separately. If the products have a perishable nature, it will be more imp...

This study addresses the production planning problem for perishable products, in which the cost and shortage of products are minimized subject to a set of constraints such as warehouse space, labor working time and machine time. Using the concept of postponement, the production process for perishable products is differentiated into two phases to better utilize the resources. A two-stage stochas...

⎯In many industries, sellers have the opportunity to enhance their revenues through the dynamic pricing of their perishable products such as flight seats, hotel rooms, or seasonal fashion goods that become worthless if they are not sold by a specific time. Therefore, how to dynamically adjust the prices of perishable products through differentiating the purchased time and the amount of unsold i...

We model a real-world case problem as a price competition model between two leader-follower supply chains that each of them consists of one manufacturer and one retailer. T he manufacturer produces partially differentiated products and sells to market through his retailer. The retailer sells the products of manufacturer to market by adding some values to the product and gains margin as a fracti...

We develop a framework to model the shopping and consumption decisions of forward-looking consumers. Assuming that the consumer's future utility for each product alternative can be characterized by a standard random utility model, we use dynamic programming to determine the optimal consumption policy and the maximum expected value of consuming any n substitutable products selected while shoppin...

This article examines a two-commodity continuous review perishable inventory system. The demands are arrived at for each product by independent Markovian arrival processes (MAP). Lifetimes follow an exponential distribution. commodities assumed to be substitutable. If both have reached zero, demand is backlogged up predetermined levels. article’s novelty has been local purchase, which made clea...