soybean mosaic virus (smv) which belongs to the virus family potyviridae, causes a disease in soybean that is present in soybean-growing areas of the world, and is widely distributed in northern iran. detection of smv is very important for disease management. in the present study several serological and molecular (nucleic acid- based) methods of rapid virus detection were compared. serological ...

Context: Microsporidiosis is an emerging disease in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients. Diagnosis of human microsporidiosis challenging. Parasitological tests using staining methods have limitations for detecting spores stool samples. The performance molecular diagnosing satisfactory, but these are expensive time-consuming. Serodiagnosis the detection antibodies insufficient sp...

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a zoonotic disease caused by leishmania species. Dogs are considered to be the main reservoir of VL. A number of methods and antigen-based assays are used for the diagnosis of leishmaniasis. However, currently available methods are mainly based on direct examination of tissues for the presence of parasites, which is highly invasive. A variety of serological tests ...

sunflower, (helianthus annuus) is considered as an important oilseed crop grown in many countries including iran. in recent years, tobacco streak virus (tsv) has been found in sunflower fields in iran. tsv is a type member of ilarviruses, and infects a wide range of crops as well as weeds. in this survey and during 2008, two isolates of sunflower and one isolate of faba bean collected from, ira...

there are various methods to diagnosis of hydatic cyst. serological methods based on tracing special antigens have high sensitivity, but the first need to design the kits based on serological methods is having enough amount of appropriate antibody against hydatic cyst antigens. hydatic cyst antigens and parasite protoscolexes prepared from sheep liver samples were injected to rabbits to obtain ...