We use slave voyage data from 18th century Great Britain and France to answer two questions: 1) How important was the managerial quality of owners and captains in slave trading? and 2) What explains the substantial variation in managerial quality? Utilizing the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade Database, in which we observe the performance of owners and captains in each of their voyages, we follow the...

Introduction 89 Current Status of the Internet-enabled Supply Chain 89 Key Supply Chain Processes and the Internet 89 Impacts of Internet-Enabled Supply Chains 92 Enabling Technologies for Internet-Enabled Supply Chain Management 92 Internet-based EDI 92 XML-based B2B Interaction Frameworks 93 Web Service Technologies 93 Deployment Platforms 95 Challenging Issues in Developing Internet-Enabled ...

STUDY OBJECTIVE We determine whether pediatric emergency physicians can use bedside ultrasonography to accurately identify hip effusions in pediatric patients. METHODS This was a prospective study conducted in the emergency department (ED) of an urban tertiary care freestanding pediatric hospital. A convenience sample of children younger than 18 years and who required hip ultrasonography as p...

Introduction 86 Factors Affecting Longevity of Seeds 86 Seed Characteristics 86 Basic seed physiology 86 Seed morphology 88 Chemical composition 88 Seed maturity 89 Seed Handling Prior to Storage 89 Storage Environment 89 Moisture 89 Temperature 90 Atmosphere 91 Storage Facilities 92 Cold storage 92 Containers 92 Moisture Control 93 Storage Recommendation 93 Orthodox Seeds 93 Temperate-Recalcit...

OBJECTIVES We sought to evaluate the contribution of noninvasive dual-source computed tomography angiography (CTA) in the comprehensive assessment of symptomatic patients after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). BACKGROUND Assessment of bypass grafts and distal runoffs by invasive coronary angiography is cumbersome and often requires extra procedure time, contrast load, and radiation exp...

BACKGROUND Serum total cholesterol is one of the major targets for cardiovascular disease prevention. Statins are effective for cholesterol control in individual patients. At the population level, however, their contribution to total cholesterol decline remains unclear. The aim of this study was to quantify the contribution of statins to the observed fall in population mean cholesterol levels i...

Commercial shipping cannot readily reduce its dependency on fossil fuels. Ships are large energy consumers and need to carry sufficient fuel for a voyage. The principle of green steaming, when ships travel at slower speeds to arrive just-in-time, is discussed and a methodology developed to estimate the carbon savings resulting if the industry were to adopt this practice. The method is based on ...