The analogy Darwin drew between artificial and natural selection in On the Origin of Species has a detailed structure that has not been appreciated. In Darwin’s analogy, the kind of artificial selection called Methodical selection is analogous to the principle of divergence in nature, and the kind of artificial selection called Unconscious selection is analogous to the principle of extinction i...

in this article different types of artificial neural networks (ann) were used for cntfet (carbon nanotube transistors) simulation. cntfet is one of the most likely alternatives to silicon transistors due to its excellent electronic properties. in determining the accurate output drain current of cntfet, time lapsed and accuracy of different simulation methods were compared. the training data for...

Steel consumption is a critical factor affecting pricing decisions and a key element to achieve sustainable industrial development. Forecasting future trends of steel consumption based on analysis of nonlinear patterns using artificial intelligence (AI) techniques is the main purpose of this paper. Because there are several features affecting target variable which make the analysis of relations...

In view of the bad convergence performance and low precision of standard artificial fish swarm algorithm in the water quality properties identification, this paper put forward an improved identification model based on adaptive parameters optimization. Firstly, it optimized the immune cloning and selection algorithm (ICSA) in periodic mutation operator and selection operator. Then it introduced ...

BACKGROUND Artificial selection results in phenotypic evolution. Maize (Zea mays L. ssp. mays) was domesticated from its wild progenitor teosinte (Zea mays subspecies parviglumis) through a single domestication event in southern Mexico between 6000 and 9000 years ago. This domestication event resulted in the original maize landrace varieties. The landraces provided the genetic material for mode...