in recent years, in iran and other countries the power systems are going to move toward creating a competition structure for selling and buying electrical energy. these changes and the numerous advantages of dgs have made more incentives to use these kinds of generators than before. therefore, it is necessary to study all aspects of dgs, such as size selection and optimal placement and impact o...

Enterprise-wide supply chain planning problems inherently exhibit multi-level decision network structures, where for example, one level may correspond to a local plant control/scheduling/planning problem and another level to a plant-wide planning/distribution network problem. Such multi-level decision network structures can be mathematically represented using multi-level mathematical programmin...

One of the most important obstacles in the deployment of the clean technologies such as photovoltaic modules in the distribution system is their indefinite future in the coming years after the installation due to their intermittent nature in power generation because of the dependency to solar radiance profile. The authors in this study aim to analyze the economic, technical and environmental ef...

This section shows that the equilibrium of the action game in section 1 of the main text is unique. It does that by adapting an argument first made Angeletos and Pavan (2007, propositions 1 and 3) to our environment. The idea of the proof is that there is a social planner problem such that every equilibrium of our model is also a solution to this planning problem. The planning problem is strict...

Optimal expansion of medium-voltage power networks is a common issue in electrical distribution planning. Minimizing total cost of the objective function with technical constraints and reliability limits, make it a combinatorial problem which should be solved by optimization algorithms. This paper presents a new hybrid simulated annealing and tabu search algorithm for distribution network expan...

The vast majority of the developed planning methods for power distribution systems consider only one objective function to optimize. This function represents the economical costs of the systems. However, there are other planning aspects that should be considered but they can not be expressed in terms of costs; therefore, they need to be formulated as separate objective functions. This paper pre...

The connection points between MV and LV distribution networks are MV substations. Optimal sitting, sizing and timing of MV substation placement is the major planning problem in MV-LV distribution system planning projects. In this paper the optimal MV substation placement problem is solved using Imperialist Competitive Algorithm (ICA) as a new developed heuristic optimization algorithm. This pro...

This paper investigates a multi-period rectilinear distance 1-center location problem considering a line-shaped barrier, in which the starting point of the barrier follows the uniform distribution function. In addition, the existing points are sensitive to demands and locations. The purpose of the presented model is to minimize the maximum barrier distance from the new facility to the existing ...

in this paper we apply the homotopy perturbation method to derive the higher-order asymptotic distribution of the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions associated with the linear real second order equation of sturm-liouville type on $[0,pi]$ with neumann conditions $(y'(0)=y'(pi)=0)$ where $q$ is a real-valued sign-indefinite number of $c^{1}[0,pi]$ and $lambda$ is a real parameter.