la notion d’équivalence est un concept clé de la pratique et de la théorie de la traduction. cependant, l’équivalence reste toujours une notion confuse. en effet, peu de chercheurs en théorie de la traduction continuent de nos jours à rechercher les principes de l’équivalence au niveau des signes de deux langues comme le faisait déjà sain augustin au quatrième siècle et comme le faisait encore,...

abstract pragmatics is the study of communicative action in its sociocultural context. communicative action includes not only using speech acts (such as apologizing, complaining, complimenting, and requesting), but also engaging in different types of discourse and participating in speech events of varying length and complexity. the present study aimed to investigate the assessment of pragm...

abstract: advertisements are the most accessible type of authentic materials, and this is one reason why they are used more and more in english teaching classes. for this cause, studies in the field of advertisements are very widespread nowadays. for pun is one aspect which makes advertisements more interesting, it is used more than before in advertisements. use of puns makes an advertisement m...

assigning premium to the insurance contract in iran mostly has based on some old rules have been authorized by government, in such a situation predicting premium by analyzing database and it’s characteristics will be definitely such a big mistake. therefore the most beneficial information one can gathered from these data is the amount of loss happens during one contract to predicting insurance ...