backgroung: hbv still continues to infect many people worldwide despite the availability of an effective vaccine for more than three decades. high prevalence of hbv may exist in high risk groups, particularly among intravenous drug users (idus). this group is among groups with higher risk of infection due to their hazardous behaviors such as sharing needle for drug injection. objectives: this c...

chronic hepatitis b is still a major public health issue despite the successful prophylactic vaccination attempts. chronicity of hepatitis b virus(hbv) is mainly due to its ability to debilitate host's immune system. therefore, major measures have been taken to stop this process and help patients with chronic hepatitis b infection recover from their illness. while satisfactory results have...

BACKGROUND Hepatitis E virus infection usually causes an acute and self-resolving hepatitis. In areas where chronic hepatitis B virus infection is prevalent, acute hepatitis E virus superinfection on chronic hepatitis B virus infection occurs sporadically. In recent years, however, chronic hepatitis E virus infection has been recognized in patients under immunosuppressant therapy. To the best o...

conclusions in comparison with the rate of hbcab positivity reported in other iranian studies, the rate was higher in the present study. there were a few variations, genotypes, and subtypes among the infected injecting drug users. further investigations are needed to unravel the molecular characterization of obi. results sixty-four (28%) participants were hbcab positive, 59 cases were hbcab pos...

context since the introduction of highly active anti-retroviral regimen for human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection, a significant increase in the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma has been reported in patients already chronically infected with hepatitis b virus and then given this form of regimen for their retroviral infection. evidence acquisition this phenomenon was initially attributed...

conclusions fulminant hepatitis b is associated with distinct mutational patterns of hbv, underlining that genomic diversity of the virus is an important factor determining its pathogenicity. results the most commonly detected diversities affect regulatory motifs of hbv in the core and s region, indicating that these alterations may convert the virus to an aggressive strain. moreover, mutations...

results the results of this study indicated that the overall hepatitis b vaccine acceptance rate was acceptably high. among all, 53.5% correctly identified that a vaccine to prevent hepatitis b virus infection had been available, 15% had a negative opinion, and 31.5% were neutral. the rations of all three doses of vaccination were 69.3%. conclusions among the respondents, 87% were currently mar...

Background: The household transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major health problem. High incidence of HBV infection is observed within the household contacts of HBV carriers. We aimed to evaluate serological markers of hepatitis B infection among family members of HBV carriers in Arak, central Iran. Methods<stron...