Surfactants are compounds that reduce the surface tension of a liquid, the interfacial tension between two liquids, or that between a liquid and a solid. Surfactants are characteristically organic compounds containing both hydrophobic groups (their tails) and hydrophilic groups (their heads). Therefore, a surfactant molecule contains both a water insoluble (and oil soluble component) and a wate...

The aim of this work was to study skin parameters like melanin, erythema, skin hydration, and sebum score of six body sites namely volar forearm, cheek, chin, forehead, neck and post auricular skin of Asian (Indian) population with different skin colour and types to depict the formulation to be used for taking care. Initially skin colour of various volunteers was assessed by the reference of co...

This study was carried out to develop jerky product utilizing spent hen meat. Manipulation of water activity (aw) of semi-dried meat with the addition of humectants (glycerol and sorbitol at the concentration of 0, 10, and 15%) and roasting process were applied to enhance quality of jerky product. After spent hen meat was ground, formulated, reformed and then dried in convection oven at 85℃ for...

Recently, consumers have become more concerned with foods contain natural ingredients in terms of health and economic. Hence, in this study, the effects of concentrate of smoked and sun dried raisin were investigated at 3 levels (1, 3 and 5%) as a natural humectant to improve the quality and shelf life of flat bread. Results showed that addition of smoked and sun dried raisin improved quality a...

Leading commercial electronic cigarettes were tested to determine bulk composition. The e-cigarettes and conventional cigarettes were evaluated using machine-puffing to compare nicotine delivery and relative yields of chemical constituents. The e-liquids tested were found to contain humectants, glycerin and/or propylene glycol, (⩾75% content); water (<20%); nicotine (approximately 2%); and flav...

Abstract Rosemary Oil ( Rosmarinus officinalis ) contains carnosic acid, carnosol, and rosmarinic which are sources of active antioxidants. The Secretome MSC has growth factors such as antioxidants that protect HDFs. This study aimed to obtain a gel formulation from secretome combinates with test its effect an antioxidant. antioxidant, propylene glycol humectants, Carbomer 940 gelling agent, tr...