in the present study, the effect of gaba (γ-aminobutyric acid) receptor agonists and antagonists on morphine-induced antinociception was investigated in formalin test in rats. intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of different doses of morphine (1, 3, 6 and 9 mg/kg) and intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of different doses of muscimol (0.5, 1 and 2 g/rat) or baclofen (0.25, 0.5 and 1 g/rat) ...

We explored how stimulation of GABA(A) receptors at different times during conditioned taste aversion (CTA) acquisition or extinction influenced extinction. In Experiment 1, rats acquired a CTA to 0.3% saccharin-flavored water (SAC) when it followed an injection of lithium chloride (LiCl; 81.0 mg/kg, i.p.). Following conditioning, rats received extinction training in which the GABA(A) agonist m...

The inhibitory neurotransmitter !-aminobutyric acid (GABA) has multiple receptors. In mammals, the GABAA receptor subtype is modulated by neurosteroids. However, whether steroid interaction with the GABAA receptor is unique to mammals or a conserved feature in vertebrates is unknown. Thus, neurosteroid modulation of the GABAA receptor was investigated in the brain of the bullfrog (Rana catesbei...

Assemblies of electrodes and a cannula were stereotaxically implanted in the ventromedial (VMH), lateral (LHA) and paraventricular (PVH) hypothalamic areas in male albino rats. Electrical activity of these regions was recorded electrographically before and following intracranial injection (ICI) of GABA, muscimol and picrotoxin. In another set of animals, food intake and water intake were also m...

Diverse γ-aminobutyric acid (GABAA) receptor modulators exhibited novel cytoprotective effects and mechanisms of action in rabbit renal proximal tubules subjected to mitochondrial inhibition (antimycin A) or hypoxia. Cytoprotective potencies (50% effective concentration, EC50) were 0.3 nM allopregnanolone (AP) > 0.4 nM 17α-OH-allopregnanolone (17α-OH-AP) > 30 nM dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (...

The interaction of a gamma-aminobutyric acid-A (GABAA) receptor agonist and a benzodiazepine-type modulator of GABAA receptors on sleep was investigated. Low doses of muscimol (0.3 mg/kg) and the benzodiazepine midazolam (1.5 mg/kg) were administered alone and in combination, in random order, to eight rats. All injections were given intraperitoneally at light onset. Electroencephalogram (EEG) a...

Binding sites for [3H]muscimol, an analogue of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) were localized in the synaptic layers of chicken retina by light microscopic and electron microscopic autoradiography. Light microscopic autoradiography of cryostat sections incubated in [3H]muscimol or [3H]GABA revealed identical binding patterns: a band over the inner plexiform layer (IPL) and a band over the outer ...

Introduction Hydroquinine hydrobromide (Inhibin) has been approved for marketing in the Netherlands for the treatment of nocturnal cramps when treatment with drugs is considered necessary. It is available in the Netherlands since March 1990 as an over-the-counter drug with a dose of 200 mg with the evening meal and a further 100 mg at bedtime for 14 days. According to the Summary of Product Cha...

INTRODUCTION Neuropathic pain can be very difficult to treat and it is one of the important medical challenging about pain treatments. Muscimol as a new agonist of gamma-Aminobutyric acid receptor type A (GABAA) have been introduced for pain management. Thus, the present study was performed to evaluate the pain alleviating effect of intrathecal injection of different doses of muscimol as GABAA ...