A quantity adjustment framework is used to analyze unemployment and underemployment in less developed countries (LDCs). The basic premise of the formal theoretical model presented is that the same kinds of forces that explain the choices of workers between the rural and urban sectors can also explain thier choices between 1 labor market and another within an urban area and are most likely made...

the main objective of this research is investigating the performance of ravang’s rural – industrial area and its role in rural development, occupation and income, using available equipments, stabilizing rural population (preventing migration to cities), identifying positive and negative points of establishing and starting this plan and finally recognizing problems and providing suggestions....

This pamphlet describes some recent findings reported in the UN's "State of World Population, 1993." The summary focuses on the costs and benefits of migration, investments in technology in order to attract low cost labor, and impetus for migration from economic development. A recent study in the Philippines indicates that reduced migration pressures will require increased capacity to migrate b...

Most migration literature focuses on large scale movements of people across country borders, while the internal migration trends of countries are commonly neglected, despite the fact that the understanding of internal migration trends is crucial for planning the future for a country. In Iraq a major reason for migration has been security a direct result of its turbulent history since the 1980’s...

INTRODUCTION The urbanisation process has been associated with increases in asthma prevalence in urban and rural areas of low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). However, although rural to urban migration and migration between cities are considered important determinants of this process, few studies have evaluated the effects of internal migration on asthma in urban populations of LMICs...

To the Editor: Studies in developing countries (DCs) have frequently reported a lower prevalence of allergic diseases (ADs) in rural areas compared with urban settings, and this has been attributed to the protective effects of environmental exposures such as rural lifestyle. Recent evidence from studies conducted in Africa and Asia showed that ADs are increasing in urban and even in rural setti...