The removal of calcium and magnesium ions (softening) from clear juice can be beneficial to downstream processes. Such benefits include reduced evaporator scaling and the improved potential for the application ofion exclusion chromatography for additional sucrose recovery. The results of experiments in the laboratory and on a pilot plant scale are presented. These show that it is possible to so...

Silica presents a particularly challenging problem to the Silica remains one of the most common and problematic components in cane sugar juice evaporator scale. The relationship between silica concentration in clear juice and its precipitation in the evaporator train is considered. Methods of reducing silica levels in clear juice through changes in the extraction conditions are investigated thr...

This paper presents results of a parametric study performed on an automotive air-conditioning (AAC) system of a passenger car. The goals are to assess the effects of varying the volumetric flow rate of supply air, number of occupants, vehicle speed, and the fractional ventilation air intake (XOA), on the dry-bulb temperature and specific humidity of the air inside the passenger’s cabin, and on ...

This paper presents a novel approach for experimentally simulating various environmental conditions and container parameters on air conditioning and refrigeration (AC&R) systems. The proposed emulation technique uses a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) system to simulate the loading conditions on the evaporator during experimental testing. The evaporator air inlet conditions are controlled with a smal...

In this paper, we attempt to provide theoretical investigation to debt roll-over crisis in government bond market. By using the global game techniques, we analyse coordination problem in debt auction. The approach in this paper allows us to have insight on the relation between occurrence of sovereign debt roll-over crisis and the fundamentals of economy which is not clearly explained in precedi...

Hot ring rolling is a highly nonlinear, unsteady-state and asymmetry process which is affected by many parameters. The friction coefficient between the ring ,the driver roll and the idle roll is one of the problems, which has significant effect on the quality of final product. In this study, the effect of these two parameters on hot ring rolling was investigated based on a 3D coupled-thermo mec...