• The Perfect introduces a time interval: the “perfect time span” (PTS). • The Right Boundary (RB) of the PTS is set by Tense. • The Left Boundary (LB) of the PTS may be set by “perfect adverbials”. • The lower predicate (event) is predicated of the PTS, either directly or mediated by various devices, most notably operators associated with the Perfective or Imperfective. • When the predicate ha...

 Executive summary  What is the chronology of the „underclass‟ debate in the United Kingdom and the United States, from 1880 to the present?  Which individuals and groups have been doing the defining?  Is it basically the same idea that has been invented and re-invented in a linear process?  How and why do these concepts emerge?  What is the impact of these concepts, if any, on policy-mak...