Introduction: In this regard, one of the priorities of urban planning is improving citizen security. According to fast urbanism development, one of the managers and urban planners' concerns is increasing citizen sense. Sometimes physical proceedings such as protection, guarding, control are planned in urban spaces to achieve and intensification urban security, whereas increasing citizens' secur...

Introduction: Social capital is being considered as way to achieve sustainable rural development as far asthe development experts are concerned. It is argued that social capital make the achievement of sustainable development possible taking into consideration provided opportunities and major societies constants at different levels including micro and macro level. In other word, social capit...

In Iran, development measures are carried out in villages with the priority of physical-spatial development based on the rural leadership plan. Hadi plan or in other words comprehensive rural development plan, with the goals of creating the development and development of the village according to the cultural, economic and social conditions; provision of social, productive and welfare facilities...

The dominance of the capitalist system on the struc­tures and processes of the urban planning system has led urban development patterns toward generating income. The prevalence of such this pattern has cre­ated a conflict between private and public interests. Attempt to resolve this conflict has led urban planning to the concept of spatial justice; so that spatial justice in urban plann...

Urban areas are the main consumers of energy resources with a considerable amount of waste in building and transport sectors. This comes about due to inefficient development patterns as well as consumption habits. Towards steering an energy efficiency transformation in cities, it is thus crucial to develop policies, strategies and measures to improve efficiency in these sectors. Hence, not only...

Background & Aim: One of the vital consequences of the expedite growth of urbanization and the physical development of the cities of the country has been the disruption of the distribution system of the service centers in recent decades, causing the social inequality of citizens in accessing such services. Urban public services structure the city's physical, social and spatial nature; thus, irr...

Social capital plays an important role in increasing bioavailability, which undoubtedly is the main goal of all planning and development, including rural planning and development. This research is an applied and descriptive-analytical approach that is conducted with a sample of 355 people among the people of Kurdish villages in Rudbar city. The data gathering tool in this research included: lib...