Gender nonconformity refers to the extent to which a person's gender identity, gender role and/or gender expression differs from the cultural norms prescribed for people of a particular sex, within a certain society and era. Most data on gender nonconformity focus on the prevalence of gender dysphoria (which also includes a distress factor) or on the number of legal sex changes. However, not ev...

Leadership research is often silent about how race and ethnicity influence the exercise of leadership and does not include the experiences of racial/ethnic minority leaders. Leaders from five racial/ethnic groups within the US were surveyed on their endorsement of leadership dimensions as defined by the GLOBE studies and the influence of their race, ethnicity and gender on the exercise of leade...

Virtual environments employing avatars for self-representation-including the opportunity to represent or misrepresent social categories-raise interesting and intriguing questions as to how one's avatar-based social category shapes social identity dynamics, particularly when stereotypes prevalent in the offline world apply to the social categories visually represented by avatars. The present exp...

The Australian higher education sector has undergone significant operational changes over the last three decades; indeed both public and private universities are experiencing the effects of a new era in higher education policy; of unprecedented student enrolment, a gradual decrease in government funding, and an increase in the marketisation of academic research. Deregulation of the higher educa...

The main goal of this study was to examine gender differences in patterns of children’s emotion regulation from preschool to school age. Participants were 199 three-year-old boys and girls who were reassessed at age 6. At both times, children participated in a disappointment task to assess emotion regulation, and mothers and fathers completed a temperament questionnaire. It was hypothesized tha...

This study investigates perceptions of gendered body ideals through an analysis of college students‟ drawings. A sample of 94 college students participated by drawing their image of the ideal female and male bodies. The drawings were analyzed through a gender lens, whereby each participant‟s male and female bodies were compared to determine the features participants used to indicate gender in t...