hedging is a multi-purpose rhetorical strategy which is usually used in scientific arguments to secure ratification of claims, reduce the risk of negation, avoid conflict, manage disagreement and leave room for the audience to assess presented information. hedges are frequently used in research articles to mitigate the findings of research endeavors. the present research aims to investigate the...

Abstract Background and Objectives The chronic nature of thalassemia affects different aspects of patients' life and increases depression.The goal of the study was to determine depression and the affecting factors in patients with thalassemia major reffered to Saravan thalassemia center.   Materials and Methods The population of this descriptive analytic study consisted of 60 thalassemic pat...

abstract although music possesses some kind of power and using it has been welcome by many students in language classrooms, it seems that they take a non-serious image of the lesson while listening to songs and they may think that it is a matter of fun. the main objective of the present study was to investigate whether learning a foreign language through musical texts (songs) can have an impac...

the ability to speak two languages in the world is a remarkable achievement. there is a good reason to believe that bilingualism is the norm for the majority of people in the world because 70% of the earth’s population are supposed to be bilingual or multilingual. various investigations have shown that the native language impacts foreign word recognition, and this influence is adapted by the de...

در این پژوهش منشاء خزندگان را مورد بررسی قرار داده، خانواده های مارها را در ایران معرفی نموده و ویژگی های آنها را ذکر کرده ایم، خانواده colubridae را از نظر فیلوژنی، رده بندی و همچنین جنس های آن را، مرور کرده ایم. جنس eirenis jan, 1868 که هدف اصلی پژوهش حاضر است در ایران دارای هشت گونه می باشد، e. collaris (menetries, 1832) ، e. coronella (schlegel, 1837) ،e.decemlineatus(dumeril,bibron and dum...

in current study, 63 samples of bat populations collected from differ regions were used for evaluating the geographic variations. twenty cranial and dental characters for traditional morphometric and landmarks method on the ventral, dorsal skull and mandible for geometry morphometric studies were used. statistical analyses of traditional morphometric and geometry morphometric data indicated low...

recent years have witnessed an increased attention to form focused instruction and consciousness raising activities (ellis, 2002; doughty & williams, 1998) on the one hand and extensive and meaningful exposure to the target language (klapper & rees, 2003; day & bamford, 1998) on the other. due to significance attributed to above mentioned issues by scholars, this study attempted to bridge them ...