to investigate the effects of intercropping of basil (ocimum basiilicum l.) and cowpea (vigna unguiculata l.), different levels of nitrogen fertilizers on basil and cowpea yield, an experiment was carried out during 2010 and 2011. experimental factor were included weed treatment (weeding and unweeding), three levels of nitrogen fertilizer (0, 50 and 100 kg ha-1), different planting ratio, (p1: ...

Stale seedbeds are used by organic growers to reduce weed populations prior to crop planting. Ryemulches, derived from mechanically killed (rolled and crimped) winter rye cover crops, can serve the same purpose for spring-planted organic crops. Both methods can also be employed by conventional growers who face looming problems with herbicide resistant weeds. The objective of this research was t...

A literature study was undertaken on the weeding of maize on smallholder farms in Ciskei, South Africa. Most weeding under these conditions is carried out by hand pulling or hand hoeing. Only limited use is made of animal traction, and large-scale development of this method will not be possible until the conventional broadcast method of planting maize has been replaced by row planting.

in order to compare of ecological management of weed control on economical income, yield and yield components of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.), a randomized complete block design with 12 treatments and four replications was conducted in mahvelat of khorasan razavi province, iran. treatments consisted of weeding, harrowing, burning, two times weeding, weeding + harrowing, weeding + burning, har...

To assess the effect of non chemical management of weed control on forage Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) a field study was conducted in Varamin, Iran during 2010 crop year in a three- replicated- split factorial experiment laid out in randomized complete block design with four weeding levels (W1= one time cultivation at 3-leaf stage using a duck foot cultivator, W2<...

in order to compare different weed management methods in sugar beet, an experiment was conducted at the agricultural research station, ferdowsi university of mashhad, iran, during 2006-2007 and 2007-2008. the experiment designed as a complete randomized block with three replications. the treatments including: metamitron + fenmedifam, metamitron + fenmedifam + rotation, metamitron + cultivation,...

Weeds compete with crops for water, nutrients, and light consequently, have adverse effects on the crop yield overall productivity. Mechanical weeding is most common non-chemical method weed control, which applied in organic farming, cultivator implement mechanical weeding. This study aimed to design develop an innovative active tool optimize cultivation depth, can avoid damage roots improve ke...