The initial majority identification task is a fundamental test problem in cellular automaton research. To pass the test, two-state has to attain uniform configuration consisting of only state that was initially majority. It does so solely through its local, internal dynamics—i.e., success an example emergent computation. Finding new, better-performing automata continues be interest for what add...

Over the 10-year period studied, a total of 96 children under 15 years of age were killed in Sweden. This number constituted an average annual rate of 0.6 per 100,000 children. The violence, most frequently involving strangulation, shooting, and stabbing, was largely directed at young children. The pattern of child homicide was mainly characterized by intrafamilial violence, especially in conne...

Policymakers in the United States have long been perplexed by how to deal with substance abuse. As attitudes shifted in the 19th century toward viewing substance abuse as a medical problem akin to insanity rather than as a moral failing, greater emphasis was given to the potential for treatment. Thus, by the middle of the 19th century, states began developing substance abuse commitment codes an...

information is the most valuable property in stock exchange market in such a way that the more investors are informed, the better they can succeed in the market. sometimes, in such circumstances, because of a great gap between the management and the ownership in the big public companies, administrators of these companies find themseleves in a better informational situation in comparison with th...

The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of alcohol regulation on physical child abuse. Given the positive relationship between alcohol consumption and violence, and the negative relationship between consumption and price, the principal hypothesis to be tested is that an increase in the price of alcohol will lead to a reduction in the incidence of violence. We also examine the effect...

The authors retrospectively reviewed all homicides of children under 15 years of age referred to the Institute of Legal Medicine in Lausanne from January 1990 to December 2000. We report on 41 cases during this eleven-year period. Among those, 17 newborns and 24 older children, a higher proportion of males was found. Regarding newborn homicides, when the identity of the mother was known she was...