this research study aimed to investigate the relationship between field-dependence/independence cognitive style and vocabulary learning strategies among iranian efl learners. ninety participants majoring in english translation at arak university were chosen. the participants were classified into two groups of field-dependent and independent based on the results of group embedded figure test (ge...

Background & Objective: Stuttering is a prevalent disorder in children and adolescents. Because attention is the only fuel resource for cognitive functions and the language have high cognitive functions, then it is possible that speech difficulties are related to attention deficit. The purpose of this study was to investigate the attentional demand of speech in children and adolescents with dev...

Objective Executive functions are processes that control, direct, and coordinate other cognitive processes. The findings of cognitive neuroscience indicate that frontal and temporal lobes have a longer maturity and support the development of executive functions. These abilities are essential for success in everyday activities and longitudinal studies indicate that executive functions are associ...

Substance abuse and drug addiction have grown substantially throughout the world, and its growth has been considered to be a major medical problem and has been a source of concern for policy-makers and law enforcers. The tragic epidemic of addiction is severely threatened societies. In order to solve this problem and reduce the resulting damages, it is essential to obtain comprehensive informat...

this study was intended to analyze the listening tapescripts of the elementary and pre-intermediate levels of total english textbooks from the pragmatic dimension of language functions and speech acts in order to see whether the listening tasks are pragmatically informative or not. for this purpose, 8 conversations from the two books were selected randomly, and then, the two pragmatic models of...

Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation on the executive functions of memory, cognitive flexibility, and inhibitory control. Method: The method of the present study was semi-experimental with pretest-posttest design and a control group. The statistical population of the present study included all substance-dependent men referring to addiction...