background and purpose: studies have shown the advantages of e-cme programs. developing case-based e-cme activities, one of the popular formats of e-cme programs, is difficult and time consuming. in this article we describe our experience of performing instructional system design for creating case-based e-cme contents.  methods: we performed a five-step instructional system design (i.e. system ...

nowadays, english is the leading foreign language enjoying a prestigious position in many countries, including iran. in recent years, english is more and more popular in the world and the importance of learning english cannot be overstated in an increasingly interconnected and globalized world. in this regard, studying the status of language of the educated class of the society such as teachers...

Performance measurement in the presence of fixed-sum outputs in data envelopment analysis (DEA) is an interesting and most frequently studied subject in the field of operations research. Different definitions of relative efficiency in the presence of fixed-sum outputs have been proposed in the literature of data envelopment analysis and in all of the existing definitions a common equilibrium ef...