proper nutrition plays an important role in physical and cognitive development of children. the early diagnosis and treatment of eating problems is very important. this study aimed to survey eating problems of children with down syndrome. in this descriptive-analytic study, an eating problem test used to survey eating problems of children with down syndrome in exceptional schools. the findings ...

background: acute appendicitis is one of the common and urgent illnesses among children.  children usually are unable to help the physicians completely due to weakness in describing the medical history. moreover, acute appendicitis overlaps with conditions of other diseases in terms of symptoms and signs in the first hours of presentation. these conditions lead to unwanted biases as well as err...

introduction: cochlear implantation can facilitate the development of communication skills in children with profound hearing loss. the objectives of our study were to determine the average ages at suspicion and diagnosis of hearing loss, amplification, intervention, and performing the cochlear implantation and to investigate the effects of the parents’ level of education and economic circumstan...

conclusions a high index of suspicion is required for the early diagnosis and prompt treatment of patients with osseous tuberculosis. given the high prevalence of tuberculosis in developing countries, tuberculosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of multifocal lytic lesions and vertebra plana, especially in children. introduction multifocal skeletal tuberculosis is a rare cond...

Ligamentous injuries to a knee joint increase the risk of post-traumatic degenerative changes. Successful early diagnosis and treatment of such injuries remains a challenging and controversial task. There are a variety of clinical tests available and some of these are difficult to perform and interpret. These clinical tests are really static in nature and may not reveal the presence of what is ...

invasive salmonellosis is common in tropical areas. this study examines the performance of a clinical definition for its recognition among children ages 1 to 14 years admitting to a referral pediatric hospital in tehran. 60 children were enrolled into the study during a period of 51 months. to facilitate analysis, cases were divided into 5 categories according to the likelihood of invasive salm...

Introduction: Bronchiectasis is a common problem in children especially under 5 years. Early diagnosis of disease and its causes could be useful in early treatment and preventing probable complications. This study aimed at evaluating the cystic fibrosis (CF) in patients with  bronchiectasis. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 374 children with bronchiectasis were studied. The diagnosis was ma...