pathogenic infection in tasar silkworm, antheraea mylitta drury. is common and there is a breed specific response regarding tolerance. observations reveal the possibility of differential response by haemocytes to microbial infection in different breeds. hence, the susceptibility of three eco-races of tasar silkworm viz. daba, sarihan and raily to antheraea mylitta cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus...

somatic embryos of persian walnut were transformed with two strains of agrobacterium tumefaciens i.e. lba4404 and c58, and two plasmids, namely, pbi121 with nptii and gus genes for improving the transformation protocol, and p6u-ubi-fvti plasmid containing the hpt and fld genes. the transformation frequency was 10%. pcr and rt-pcr analysis proved the presence and expression of the genes. the tra...

experimental autoimmune vitiligo was induced by the intradermal injection of the purified mushroom tyrosinase emulsified in complete freund’s adjuvant (cfa) in female c57bl/6 mice. the onset of vitiligo was characterized by hair hypopigmentation and total melanocyte depletion in the basal layer of the epidermis. oral administration of semipurified mushroom tyrosinase prevented experimental auto...

development of a green belt with suitable plant species around the source of emission can mitigate the atmospheric contamination. selection of such plant species are required to combat air pollution based on their tolerance level. present study was undertaken to evaluate the tolerance level of higher plants in east of esfahan city, iran, during 2011 in terms of assessing air pollution tolerance...

background and objective: today, opioids are used to control and relieve acute and chronic pain. however, the incidence of both tolerance and dependence phenomena for these drugs is a major problem. so, in this study, the combination effect of haloperidol and methadone on the acquisition and expression of morphine dependence and tolerance was examined.    materials and methods: ninety-eight mic...

long-term exposure to opiates induces physical dependence and tolerance. the main goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of dextromethorphan and midazolam and their combination on morphine tolerance and dependence in mice. different groups of mice were rendered randomly and received morphine (50 mg/kg, sc), morphine (50 mg/kg, sc) + dextromethorphan (25,50 or 75 mg/kg, ip), morphine (50...

background this study demonstrates the removal efficiency of phenol from aqueous solutions by electrocoagulation process using aluminum electrodes and also investigates solution chemistry and polymeric natural organic matters on removal efficiency objectives: the main aim of this work was to focus on the removal of phenol by electrocoagulation process using aluminum electrodes. materials and me...

In the present study, the effects of caerulein and CCK receptor antagonist< on tolerance to the anti-pentylenetetrazol activity of diazepam has been studied. Different doses of diazepam (20, 30, 35, 40 and 50 mg/kg) were administered intraperitoneally for a period of 6 days in order to induce tolerance to diazepam. 48 h after the last dose of diazepam, a test dose of diazepam was tested for...

Objective(s): One of the most important problems of taking nitroglycerin is the nitrate tolerance phenomenon and endothelial dysfunction. Oxidative stress is a high-emphasized one of tolerance mechanisms. The possible effect of crocin, one of the anti-oxidant ingredients of saffron, on the nitrate tolerance model was investigated.Materials and Methods: I...

Introduction: Topiramate is an anti-convulsant drug, which produces its effects via glutamate metabotropic receptors inhibition and/or GABA receptor excitation. In the present study, attempts were made to investigate the effects of topiramate on the tolerance to morphine-induced analgesia activity in male NMRI mice (20-30 g). Methods: Hot plate method was chosen for the study. First of all t...