نتایج جستجو برای: i12 i18 i31
تعداد نتایج: 1017 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Long-Run Labour Market Effects of Individual Sports Activities This microeconometric study analyzes the effects of individual leisure sports participation on long-term labour market variables, on socio-demographic as well as on health and subjective well-being indicators for West Germany based on individual data from the German SocioEconomic Panel study (GSOEP) 1984 to 2006. Econometric problem...
Using administrative panel data of health insurants, we estimate the effects of low birth weight on health service utilization among children and young adults between birth and 21 years old. To account for time-invariant heterogeneity of mothers, we use sibling fixedeffects estimation. We find that low birth weight strongly increases subsequent health expenditures and that the effect is particu...
Because packaging reaches consumers at the critical moments of purchase and consumption, it has become an important marketing tool for food manufacturers and retailers. In this paper, I first review how the marketing, health and nutrition claims made on packaging create “health halos” that make foods appear healthier than they are, thereby leading to higher consumption yet lower perceived calor...
This paper examines the determinants of non-COVID excess deaths during COVID pandemic between January and June 2020. These are extra occurring which not directly attributable to COVID. While emerging literature deaths, few look at though early estimates suggest they enough be seen as a in their own count. We investigate impact factors including cases, lockdown stringency, economic support searc...
We study the long-run effects of Russia’s anti-alcohol campaign, which dramatically altered relative supply hard and light alcohol in late 1980s. find that this policy shifted young men’s preferences from to decades later, we estimate age at consumers form their tastes. show large beer market expansion 1990s had similar on consumers’ tastes, while older tastes remained largely unchanged. then l...
We study the mental health of graduate students at eight top-ranked economics PhD programs in United States using clinically validated surveys. find that 24.8 percent experience moderate or severe symptoms depression anxiety—more than two times population average. Though our response rate was 45.1 and sample selection concerns exist, conservative lower bounds nonetheless suggest higher prevalen...
درتئوریهای اقتصاد رفاه همواره شاهد تبادل بین کارایی و برابری (عدالت) هستیم. در این تحقیق، رابطة مذکوردر ارتباط با تحولات نظام دارویی ایران طی سالهای 76 الی 85، مورد مطالعه قرار میگیرد. در همین راستا، در این تحقیق به بررسی فرایند هدفمندسازی یارانة دارو در ایران طی سالهای 76 الی 84 از دو منظر عدالت توزیعی در بخش درمان، در ارتباط با هزینههای دارویی و تغییرات کارایی در بخش صنعت دارو، پرداخته ش...
درتئوریهای اقتصاد رفاه همواره شاهد تبادل بین کارایی و برابری (عدالت) هستیم. در این تحقیق، رابطة مذکوردر ارتباط با تحولات نظام دارویی ایران طی سالهای 76 الی 85، مورد مطالعه قرار میگیرد. در همین راستا، در این تحقیق به بررسی فرایند هدفمندسازی یارانة دارو در ایران طی سالهای 76 الی 84 از دو منظر عدالت توزیعی در بخش درمان، در ارتباط با هزینههای دارویی و تغییرات کارایی در بخش صنعت دارو، پرداخت...
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