In this paper, we discuss some linguistic phenomena that pose potential problems for multilevel linguistic annotation of parallel corpora in general and specifically for data encoding with state-of-art multilevel corpus querying tools such as CQP. We describe the strategy we use for integrating the standard hierarchical XML representation used to annotate such phenomena in our aligned bilingual...

We describe our experience in developing a discourse-annotated corpus for community-wide use. Working in the framework of Rhetorical Structure Theory, we were able to create a large annotated resource with very high consistency, using a well-defined methodology and protocol. This resource is made publicly available through the Linguistic Data Consortium to enable researchers to develop empirica...

This section considers the actual performance in poverty reduction of selected LDCs for which information is available in order to get an idea of which circumstances promote success and which do not. The analysis has to be carried out in a situation of extreme data constraint, especially for the SSA which has the largest concentration of LDCs. In view of the very different nature and extent of ...

In this paper, we define the concept of uncertain multiplicative linguistic preference relation, and introduce some operational laws of uncertain multiplicative linguistic variables. We propose some new aggregation operators including the uncertain linguistic geometric mean (ULGM) operator, uncertain linguistic weighted geometric mean (ULWGM) operator, uncertain linguistic ordered weighted geom...

Lexical representation so far has not been extensively investigated in regard to language acquisition. Existing computational linguistic systems assume that text analysis and generation take place in conditions of complete lexical knowledge. That is, no unknown elements are encountered in processing text. It turns out however, that productive as well as non-productive word combinations require ...

In this paper, we introduce the method of spoken language understanding in the Linguistic Processor of a Chinese Spoken Dialogue System Engine. The Linguistic Processor is conceived for the development of simple, robust nature language interfaces to different applications. It is designed for extracting meaning representation from Chinese spoken utterances. Its strategy is to apply grammatical c...

This article describes a new strategy for feature generation. The strategy called TFX supports the user with the generation of features. For this it only needs a linguistic description of the interesting feature transformations. The resulting features can be described qualitatively by the kind of feature transformations and quantitatively by a suitable approximation.