Process Analytical Technology (PAT) is a system for design, analysis, and control of manufacturing processes, based on continuous monitoring/rapid measurements of critical quality and performance attributes of raw material, intermediates and products. PAT involves measurement science by using conventional process sensors such as pressure, temperature and pH probes, as well as novel analyzer tec...

Plant shutdowns shape industry productivity, the dynamics of employment, and industrial restructuring. Plant closures account for more than half of gross job destruction in U.S. manufacturing. This paper examines the effects of firm structure on U.S. manufacturing plant closures. Plants belonging to multiplant firms and those owned by U.S. multinationals are less likely to exit. However, the su...

Plant shutdowns shape industry productivity, the dynamics of employment, and industrial restructuring. Plant closures account for more than half of gross job destruction in US manufacturing. This paper examines the effects of firm structure on US manufacturing plant closures. Plants belonging to multi-plant firms and those owned by US multinationals are less likely to exit. However, the superio...

Information systems are identified as enablers of agile manufacturing. Despite the continuous utilisation of IT/IS applications, there is growing evidence that information technology/systems do not deliver their expected benefits. In this work we investigated three main issues related to information systems: competitive bases-general goals, development and infrastructure. We tested our approach...

Background The adoption of Quality by Design (QbD) approach to biologics manufacturing requires fundamental understanding of complex relationship between the quality of the product, especially critical quality attributes (CQAs), and various parameters of the manufacturing process [1]. This can be approached through multivariate analysis of historical cell culture bioprocess data [2]. In this st...

The characteristic texture of turrón, torrone and nougat was examined. They are typical European confections prepared from almonds, honey, sugars and/or chocolate. Three different instrumental tests: puncture, cutting, and Texture Profile Analysis (TPA), were used in this study and samples prepared from three countries (Spain, Italy, and France), and by six manufacturing companies (two companie...

Modeling of products (objects) form a critical task in design and manufacturing. CAD–CAM techniques based on solid/geometric modeling have been developed for this purpose. Primarily, these methods capture the shape of the object. However, recent developments in diverse fields demand modeling schemes, which extend beyond the shape to include other relevant attributes of the object. In this paper...

The premise ofQuality byDesign (QbD) is that the quality of the pharmaceutical product should be based upon the understanding of the biology or the mechanism of action (MOA) and the safety of the molecule [1]. The manufacturing process should then be developed to meet the desired quality attributes of the molecule, hence the concept of “design” of the product quality versus “testing” the produc...

Engineering systems are typically designed to cost and specification. The robustness of the engineered systems is frequently measured with respect to consistency according to a Six Sigma philosophy. However, robustness is just one measure of system behavior, and in insufficient to characterize the behavior of complex systems with respect to extensibility, robustness controllability, and flexibi...

I technology has profoundly impacted the operations of firms in the service industry and service environments within manufacturing. Two models are introduced that establish a conceptual framework linking firm profit to attributes of the IT-worker system. The framework considers the impact of IT capabilities (such as functionality and ease-of-use) and worker skill as drivers of output volume and...