The location-routing problem is the most significant and yet new research field in location problems that considers simultaneously vehicle routing problem features with original one for achieving high-quality integrated distribution systems in beside of the global optimum. Simultaneous pickup and delivery based on time windows are the two main characteristics of logistic management that have be...

Location-Routing Problem (LRP) emerges as one of the hybrid optimization problems in distribution networks in which, total cost of the system would be reduced significantly by simultaneous optimization of locating a set of facilities among candidate locations and routing vehicles. In this paper, a mixed integer linear programming model is presented for a two-echelon location-routing problem wit...

in this paper we address the vrpcd, in which a set of homogeneous vehicles are used to transport products from the suppliers to customers via a cross-dock. the products can be consolidated at the cross-dock but cannot be stored for very long as the cross-dock does not have long-term inventory-holding capabilities. the objective of the vrpcd is to minimize the total traveled distance while respe...

the vehicle routing problem with backhauls (vrpb) as an extension of the classical vehicle routing prob-lem (vrp) attempts to define a set of routes which services both linehaul customers whom product are to be delivered and backhaul customers whom goods need to be collected. a primary objective for the problem usually is minimizing the total distribution cost. most real-life problems have othe...