نتایج جستجو برای: researchers and materials planners
تعداد نتایج: 16879001 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
The favorable gains gleaned from the provision of pre-task planning time (PTP) have struck a chord with SLA researchers as they try to manipulate task features to promote language production and development. In a similar vein, the present study is a two-fold attempt to first compare the effect of the length of pre-task planning time on discourse-analytic measures in narrative written production...
Balancing natural resource protection and urban development is of concern to researchers, planners and citizens who are aware of the environmental, social and economic impacts of urban land use. Land-use change models can assist in finding this balance. An objective of this research was to build a better model of land-use change by integrating quantitative and qualitative techniques. A modellin...
Researchers have developed a huge number of algorithms to solve classical planning problems. We provide a way to use these algorithms, unmodified, to generate strong-cyclic solutions in fully-observable nondeterministic planning domains. Our experiments show that when using our technique with FF and SGPlan (two well-known classical planners), its performance compares quite favorably to that of ...
in recent years, there has been a growing interest among researchers to investigate the relationship betweenteacher self-efficacy and classroom behavior management, especially students misbehavior. therefore, this study aimed to comparatively investigate english and arabic teachers’ use of different behavior managementstrategies, their self-efficacy, and their success in an iranian context. th...
abstract while task-based instruction is considered as the most effective way to learn a language in the related literature, it is oversimplified on various grounds. different variables may affect how students are engaged with not only the language but also with the task itself. the present study was conducted to investigate language and task related engagement on the basis of the task typolog...
the debate whether esp teachers need to have knowledge of the specialized field they are teaching has been an issue in the literature over the last two decades. the aim of conducting this study was to explore iranian learners’ and instructors’ beliefs and attitudes concerning the role of specialized knowledge in teaching esp classes. a seventeen item questionnaire was administered to 400 esp le...
Research in automated planning is getting more and more focused on empirical evaluation. Likewise the need for methodologies and benchmarks to build solid evaluations of planners is increasing. In 1998 the planning community made a move to address this need and initiated the International Planning Competition – or IPC for short. This competition has typically been conducted every two years in t...
plagiarism in esl/efl learning contexts has been established as a dynamic and multi-layered phenomenon and has become a topic engaging many researchers in a heated debate in recent years. comparisons of student-generated texts with their source texts have shown that students rely on source texts in their writings and copying is a major strategy used by both l1 and l2 writers. in our country a...
Planners are powerful tools for problem solving because they provide a complete sequence of actions to achieve a goal from a particular initial state. Classical planning research has addressed this problem in a domain-specific manner—the same algorithm generates a complete plan for any domain specification. This generality comes at a cost; domain-independent planners have difficulty with larges...
Planners are powerful tools for problem solving because they provide a complete sequence of actions to achieve a goal from a particular initial state. Classical planning research has addressed this problem in a domain-independent manner— the same algorithm generates a complete plan for any domain specification. This generality comes at a cost; domainindependent planners have difficulty with lar...
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