This paper presents a new algorithm for computing timedistance transformations of a road network based on modified multidimensional scaling. The algorithm is designed to perform on a realworld road network, and provides alternative visualisations for travel time cognition and route planning. Several extensions are explored, including user-centric and route-centric road map transformations. Our ...

Road building on geologically vulnerable slopes can trigger erosion, mass wasting and sedimentation. Disturbance of the natural drainage systems and making deep cuts and fills across already fragile slopes are the main causes. This often leads to excessive land degradation of land areas adjacent to the road. These effects have a direct bearing on the livelihoods of people who survive by subsist...

BACKGROUND Travel burden is a key element in conceptualizing geographic access to health care. Prior research has shown that both rural and minority populations bear disproportionate travel burdens. However, many studies are limited to specific types of patient or specific locales. The purpose of our study was to quantify geographic and race-based differences in distance traveled and time spent...

Road traffic crashes exert a huge burden on Kenya's economy and health care services. Current interventions are sporadic, uncoordinated and ineffective. This report offers a descriptive analysis of secondary data obtained from a variety of published literature and unpublished reports. Over three thousand people are killed annually on Kenyan roads. A four-fold increase in road fatalities has bee...

This conference paper presents an accident study investigating where fatal alcoholand drugrelated accidents occur with respect to traffic environment (i.e., urban versus rural), road type, speed limit, annual average daily traffic flow, and road category. The study uses data from indepth studies of fatal accidents and from the Swedish National Road Database. Accident data from the 2006–2009 per...

This paper examines the effect of the poor road transportation network on crop production in one of the rural agrarian local government of Kwara State, Nigeria. A well-structured interview schedule was conducted to elicit information from 120 crop farmers using a two-stage sampling technique. Findings from the study revealed that the poor road transportation network in their area had led to a r...

PURPOSE Despite increasing evidence that the physical environment impacts on physical activity among urban-dwellers, little attention has been devoted to understanding this relationship in rural populations. Work in this area is further hindered by a lack of environmental measures specifically designed for rural settings. This qualitative study aimed to explore the salience of urban physical ac...

Whereas most traffic crashes occur in urban areas, the rates of fatal crashes and traffic fatalities (per capita and per vehicle mile) are higher in rural areas. The distinction between rural and urban areas is, therefore, an important delineation in any policy discussion about traffic safety. In particular, efforts to distinguish between rural and urban traffic safety should focus on those fac...

awareness they gain from their surroundings. Recent statistics indicate that about 40 percent of road accident fatalities are pedestrians, 30 percent of which are under 18 years old. Based on the fact that almost two million Iranian students study in the vicinity of rural roads, this paper aims to develop a model for predicting the risk of students’ accidents near the aforementioned schools. Th...