We contrast a standard deterministic signaling game with one where the signal-generating mechanism is stochastic. With stochastic signals a unique equilibrium emerges that involves separation and has intuitive comparative-static properties as the degree of signaling depends on the prior type distribution. With deterministic signals both pooling and separating configurations occur. Laboratory da...

This paper introduces stochastic process algebras as an approach for the structured design and analysis of both the functional behavior and performance characteristics of parallel and distributed systems. This is achieved by integrating stochastic modelling and analysis into process algebras like CCS or LOTOS. We demonstrate how notions of equivalent behavior – substantial for process algebras ...

Stochastic computing is an old and unconventional computing technique that is finding promising new applications in imageprocessing and the handling of complex error-correcting codes. Stochastic circuits offer an alternative to conventional digital circuits because of their extremely small size and inherent noise tolerance. They are also well-suited to meeting the requirements of emerging nanos...

The main purpose of this paper is to provide a quantitative analysis to investigate the behavior of the OPEC oil price. Obtaining the best mathematical equation to describe the price and volatility of oil has a great importance. Stochastic differential equations are one of the best models to determine the oil price, because they include the random factor which can apply the effect of different ...

One of the main tasks to analyze and design a mining system is predicting the behavior exhibited by prices in the future. In this paper, the applications of different prediction methods are evaluated in econometrics and financial management fields, such as ARIMA, TGARCH, and stochastic differential equations, for the time-series of monthly copper prices. Moreover, the performance of these metho...

This paper reviews the recent progress on stochastic PDEs arising from different aspects of the turbulence theory including the stochastic Navier-Stokes equation, stochastic Burgers equation and stochastic passive scalar and passive vector equations. Issues discussed include the existence of invariant measures, scaling of the structure functions, asymptotic behavior of the probability density f...

We prove an analog of Parikh’s theorem for weighted context-free grammars over commutative, idempotent semirings, and exhibit a stochastic context-free grammar with behavior that cannot be realized by any stochastic right-linear context-free grammar. Finally, we show that every unary stochastic context-free grammar with polynomially-bounded ambiguity has an equivalent stochastic right-linear co...

While some behavioral responses to a stimulus are invariant in animals, most are more likely to be variable or stochastic. In this issue, Gordus et al. illuminate a set of combinatorial neuronal activities that control the variability of a chemotactic behavior in response to an odor, providing a tractable system for understanding how stochastic circuit dynamics affect behavior.