In this paper, a three-dimensional finite element model has been developed to simulate the laser-TIG hybrid welding (HLAW) of stainless steel 1.4418 with thickness of 4 mm. Transient temperature profile and dimensions of the fusion zone and heat affected zone (HAZ) during welding process are calculatedusing finite element method (FEM) and were solved in the ABAQUS/Standard software.The heat sou...

Border zones between normal and ischemic tissue have been implicated as a cause of arrhythmic cardiac activity. A variety of experiments with coupled cells and strips of tissue has been designed to understand the arrhythmogenic effects of border zone currents. In this paper, we use systems of differential equations to model an ischemic (depolarized) cell (or region) coupled to a normal cell und...

MODEL OVERVIEW AND BACKGROUND INFORMATION The tapping zone of a maple tree is defined as the area around the circumference of the stem that can be utilized for sap collection. For sap collection with tubing, it can be thought of as a radial band of wood based at the point on a tree where the dropline meets the lateral tubing of the sap collection system. The physical boundaries of the tapping z...

We present a progression of three distinct three-zone, continuum models for swarm behavior based on social interactions with neighbors in order to explain simple coherent structures in popular biological models of aggregations. In continuum models, individuals are replaced with density and velocity functions. Individual behavior is modeled with convolutions acting within three interaction zones...

We introduce a mobile device application that displays key information about caffeine: the pharmacokinetics (time course of drug levels) and pharmacodynamics (the effects of caffeine level) visually on the iPhone, iPod Touch, and iPad. This application, Caffeine Zone, is based on an existing model of caffeine physiology using user inputs, including caffeine dose, start time, and consumption spe...

Many of the recently discovered extrasolar giant planets move around their stars on highly eccentric orbits, and some with e& 0±7. Systems with planets within or near the habitable zone (HZ) will possibly harbour life on terrestrial-type moons if the seasonal temperature extremes resulting from the large orbital eccentricities of the planets are not too severe. Here we use a three-dimensional g...

This paper describes the application of prototyping and rapid development techniques to the support of real Operations when meeting a specific military requirement. The Exclusion Zone Model (EZM) has been selected as a Case Study as it illustrates how the techniques can be applied, while highlighting the problems encountered by developers operating in a highly reactive environment.