This paper develops a method for nodal pricing and market clearing mechanism considering reliability of the system. The effects of components reliability on electricity price, market participants’ profit and system social welfare is considered. This paper considers reliability both for evaluation of market participant’s optimality as well as for fair pricing and market clearing mechanism. To ac...

The option-pricing problem is always an important part in modern finance. Assuming that the stock diffusion is a constant, some literature has introduced many stock models and given corresponding option pricing formulas within the framework of the uncertainty theory. In this paper, we propose a new stock model with uncertain stock diffusion for uncertain markets. Some option pricing formulas on...

The paper considers the impact of negative environmental factor "flooding (underflooding)" on cadastral value land plots in Tobolsk municipal district Tyumen region. A literature review was conducted to define flooding and underflooding. need take into account influence flood zones (flooding) when determining real estate shown. enter information underflooding register, justifies why it is impor...

In this report we review a number of pricing concepts: at pricing, priority pricing, ParisMetro pricing, smart-market pricing, responsive pricing, expected capacity pricing, edge pricing and e ective bandwidth pricing. We provide a description of each method and the underlying assumptions. We outline advantages and disadvantages as seen by their authors. We hope that this collection provides th...

Zone pricing in wholesale gasoline markets is a contentious topic in the public policy debate. With a controlled laboratory experiment, we investigate the competitive effects of zone pricing on consumers, retail stations, and refiners vis-`a-vis the proposed policy prescription of uniform wholesale pricing to retailers. We also examine the issue of divorcement and the “rockets and feathers” phe...