This paper uses data envelopment analysis (DEA) to examine the technical, pure technical, and scale efficiencies of 12 branches of the agricultural bank in Guilan province, Iran over the period of 2012-2016. The first results indicated that scale inefficiency contributed more to overall technical inefficiency than pure technical inefficiency over the studied period. Results of return to scale r...

Nigeria is a dominant economic force in sub-Saharan Africa with a strong economy as well as booming oil and agricultural sectors. However, over-dependence on the production and export of oil as well as food imports has rendered the economy vulnerable to global price fluctuations. The increasing spate of fluctuations in the world price of oil affects not only the economic sector but also agricul...

In this paper we address two topical questions: How do the quality of governance and agricultural intensification impact on spatial expansion of agriculture? Which aspects of governance are more likely to ensure that agricultural intensification allows sparing land for nature? Using data from the Food and Agriculture Organization, the World Bank, the World Database on Protected Areas, and the Y...

In India, expenditure on electricity subsidies for agriculture, an input subsidy aimed at improving agricultural productivity and the incomes of the agricultural work force, exceeds that spent on health or education. Yet the benefits and beneficiaries of these policies have been unexplored. This paper develops and empirically tests a model that describes the channels through which these subsidi...

This article may be used for research, teaching and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, redistribution , reselling , loan or sub-licensing, systematic supply or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to da...

Riparian forest vegetation is widely believed to protect riverbanks from erosion, but few studies have quantified the effect of riparian vegetation removal on rates of river channel migration. Measured historical changes in a river channel centreline, combined with mapped changes in floodplain vegetation, provide an opportunity to test how riparian vegetation cover affects the erodibility of ri...

The present research aimed at identifying employment limitations and constraints facing the university graduates in agricultural majors, also finding the solutions to enhance opportunities and job potentials for the agricultural graduates. The study used qualitative research methods. Qualitative data collection was done with the help of semi-structured interviews. Data were gathered from 30 emp...

The central cooperative banks occupy a crucial position in the pyramidal structure of agricultural cooperative banking system. They from the backbone of the agricultural credit structure and provide the vital line between the primary agricultural societies and the state apex cooperative bank functioning at the state level. The study is based on secondary data obtained from annual reports of EDC...